i18n refactor

astro.config.mjs

@@ -7,17 +7,37 @@ import sitemap from '@astrojs/sitemap'
 import tailwindcss from '@tailwindcss/vite';
 import vercel from '@astrojs/vercel';
 
+// English used to be served without a /en prefix. Every URL published before
+// the move keeps working through a 301; new pages only ever existed under /en.
+// (Astro can't express this as a dynamic redirect in a static build: the
+// destination must be an existing route with the same params.)
+const LEGACY_EN_PATHS = [
+  '/',
+  '/about',
+  '/posts',
+  '/posts/hello-world',
+  '/posts/spotify-complaining',
+  '/posts/understanding-plugin4shell-git-trick-ai-coding-agents',
+  '/tags/ai',
+  '/tags/blogging',
+  '/tags/cybersecurity',
+  '/tags/git',
+  '/tags/life',
+  '/tags/meta',
+  '/tags/software',
+  '/feed.xml',
+];
+
 // https://astro.build/config
 export default defineConfig({
   site: 'https://gabeefran.co',
 
-  i18n: {
+  // No `i18n` block on purpose: locales come from src/lib/i18n.ts and every
-    defaultLocale: 'en',
+  // locale, English included, lives under src/pages/[lang]/. Astro's i18n
-    locales: ['en', 'pt'],
+  // routing would add middleware that 404s the unprefixed on-demand
-    routing: {
+  // /page-card and /social-card routes (prefix-always) or /en/* (default).
-      prefixDefaultLocale: false,
+
-    },
+  redirects: Object.fromEntries(LEGACY_EN_PATHS.map((path) => [path, path === '/' ? '/en' : `/en${path}`])),
-  },
 
   integrations: [react(), mdx(), sitemap()],
 

scripts/generate-social-cards.ts

@@ -9,20 +9,20 @@
 // /social-card and /page-card routes must be deployed at BASE_URL.
 import { existsSync, mkdirSync, readdirSync, readFileSync, writeFileSync } from 'node:fs';
 import { dirname, join } from 'node:path';
-import { PAGES, pageCardPath, tagCardPath, tagPage, type PageKey } from '../src/lib/pages.ts';
+import { LANGS, pageMeta, tagPageMeta, type Lang, type PageKey } from '../src/lib/i18n.ts';
+import { pageCardPath, postCardPath, tagCardPath } from '../src/lib/social-cards.ts';
 
 const BASE_URL = process.env.SOCIAL_CARD_BASE_URL ?? 'https://gabeefran.co';
 const CF_API = 'https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/accounts';
 const POSTS_DIR = 'src/content/posts';
-const LANGS = ['en', 'pt'] as const;
 // 404.html is prerendered once, in English (see src/pages/404.astro).
-const LANG_PAGES: Record<(typeof LANGS)[number], PageKey[]> = {
+const LANG_PAGES: Record<Lang, PageKey[]> = {
   en: ['home', 'posts', 'about', '404'],
   pt: ['home', 'posts', 'about'],
 };
 
 interface Post {
-  lang: (typeof LANGS)[number];
+  lang: Lang;
   slug: string;
   title: string;
   description?: string;
@@ -72,13 +72,13 @@ function listCards(posts: Post[]): Card[] {
   const postCards: Card[] = posts.map((post) => {
     const params: Record<string, string> = { title: post.title, author: 'Gabriel Franco' };
     if (post.description) params.description = post.description;
-    return { path: `/social-cards/${post.lang}/${post.slug}.png`, route: '/social-card', params };
+    return { path: postCardPath(post.lang, post.slug), route: '/social-card', params };
   });
 
   const pageCards: Card[] = LANGS.flatMap((lang) => {
-    const pages = LANG_PAGES[lang].map((key) => ({ path: pageCardPath(lang, key), meta: PAGES[lang][key] }));
+    const pages = LANG_PAGES[lang].map((key) => ({ path: pageCardPath(lang, key), meta: pageMeta(lang, key) }));
     const tags = [...new Set(posts.filter((p) => p.lang === lang).flatMap((p) => p.tags))].sort();
-    const tagPages = tags.map((tag) => ({ path: tagCardPath(lang, tag), meta: tagPage(lang, tag) }));
+    const tagPages = tags.map((tag) => ({ path: tagCardPath(lang, tag), meta: tagPageMeta(lang, tag) }));
     return [...pages, ...tagPages].map(({ path, meta }) => ({
       path,
       route: '/page-card' as const,

src/components/Header.astro

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ const navLinks = [
 ];
 
 function isActive(href: string): boolean {
-  if (href === homeHref) return pathname === href;
+  if (href === homeHref) return pathname.replace(/\/$/, '') === href;
   return pathname === href || pathname.startsWith(`${href}/`);
 }
 ---
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ function isActive(href: string): boolean {
 
 <header class="sticky top-0 z-40 border-b border-border/80 bg-bg/85 backdrop-blur">
   <div class="flex flex-col justify-center gap-4 px-4 py-3 sm:px-6">
-    <div class="flex flex-row justify-between items-end">
+    <div class="flex flex-row justify-between items-center">
       <a href={homeHref} class="flex hover:underline shrink-0 items-center gap-2.5" aria-label={t('site.name')} data-umami-event="logo-header-click">
         <img src="/logo.png" class="h-4"/>
         <span class="font-mono text-[15px] font-semibold tracking-tight text-text">{t('site.name')}</span>

src/content.config.ts

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ const posts = defineCollection({
   schema: z.object({
     title: z.string(),
     description: z.string(),
+    language: z.enum(['en', 'pt']),
     pubDate: z.coerce.date(),
     slug: z.string(),
     updatedDate: z.coerce.date().optional(),

src/content/posts/en/hello-world.mdx

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 ---
 title: "This blog's Hello World (or whatever you want to call this site)"
-slug: "hello-world"
+slug: "en-hello-world"
 description: "A short note on why this exists and what I plan to write about here."
 pubDate: 2026-09-22
 tags: ["meta", "blogging"]
+language: "en"
 ---
 
 I've always had a creative side, as anyone who knows me can tell you. Sometimes it gets tucked away somewhere obscure, in the back of a drawer, waiting years to be used. And sometimes I make really good use of it.

src/content/posts/en/spotify-complaining.mdx

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 ---
 title: "Spotify's Time Capsule Change and the Enshittification of Software"
-slug: "spotify-complaining"
+slug: "en-spotify-complaining"
 description: "Spotify just removed one of its best features. Beyond a bit of complaining, I want to open a debate about what software is turning into."
 pubDate: 2026-09-2
 tags: ["software", "life"]
+language: "en"
 ---
 import ObservationCard from '../../../components/ObservationCard.tsx'
 

src/content/posts/en/understanding-plugin4shell-git-trick-ai-coding-agents.mdx

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 ---
 title: "Understanding Plugin4Shell: An Exploit That Uses a Simple Git Trick to Fool AI Coding Agents"
 description: "A git branch named after a commit hash was enough to make AI coding agents run unverified plugins. I reproduced the Plugin4Shell trick on GitHub and Forgejo."
-slug: "understanding-plugin4shell-git-trick-ai-coding-agents"
+slug: "en-understanding-plugin4shell-git-trick-ai-coding-agents"
 pubDate: 2026-09-28
 tags: ["cybersecurity", "git", "ai", "software"]
 seoKeywords: "Plugin4Shell, git branch named after commit hash, SHA pinning bypass, AI coding agents security, Claude Code plugin vulnerability, supply chain attack, git internals, Forgejo"
+language: "en"
 ---
 
 This post is based on [Ana Maria Constantin's post at TheNextWeb](https://thenextweb.com/news/plugin4shell-ai-coding-agents-zero-click-rce-sha-pinning) and [Air Security's report](https://www.air.security/blog-posts/plugin4shell).

src/content/posts/pt/hello-world.mdx

@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@
 title: "O Hello World desse blog (ou seja lá como você queira chamar esse site)"
 description: "Uma nota curta sobre por que isso existe e sobre o que pretendo escrever aqui."
 pubDate: 2026-09-22
-slug: "hello-world"
+slug: "pt-hello-world"
 tags: ["meta", "blogging"]
+language: "pt"
 ---
 
 Eu sempre tive um lado criativo, quem me conhece sabe. Às vezes ele fica guardado em algum lugar obscuro, no fundo da gaveta, esperando anos pra ser utilizado. E às vezes eu me aproveito dele muito bem.

src/content/posts/pt/spotify-complaining.mdx

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 ---
 title: "A mudança na cápsula do tempo do Spotify e a bostificação do software"
 description: "Spotify simplesmente removeu uma das suas melhores funcionalidades. Além de reclamar um pouco, quero abrir um debate sobre o que os softwares estão se tornando."
-slug: "spotify-complaining"
+slug: "pt-spotify-complaining"
 pubDate: 2026-09-2
 tags: ["software", "life"] 
+language: "pt"
 ---
 import ObservationCard from '../../../components/ObservationCard.tsx'
 

src/content/posts/pt/understanding-plugin4shell-git-trick-ai-coding-agents.mdx

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 ---
 title: "Entendendo o Plugin4Shell: um exploit que usa um truque simples do git para enganar agentes de IA de programação"
 description: "Uma branch do git com o nome de um hash de commit bastou para fazer agentes de IA de programação rodarem plugins não verificados. Reproduzi o truque do Plugin4Shell no GitHub e no Forgejo."
-slug: "understanding-plugin4shell-git-trick-ai-coding-agents"
+slug: "pt-understanding-plugin4shell-git-trick-ai-coding-agents"
 pubDate: 2026-09-28
 tags: ["cybersecurity", "git", "ai", "software"]
 seoKeywords: "Plugin4Shell, branch do git com nome de hash de commit, bypass de SHA pinning, segurança de agentes de IA de programação, vulnerabilidade de plugin do Claude Code, ataque à cadeia de suprimentos, internals do git, Forgejo"
+language: "pt"
 ---
 
 Este post é baseado [no texto da Ana Maria Constantin no TheNextWeb](https://thenextweb.com/news/plugin4shell-ai-coding-agents-zero-click-rce-sha-pinning) e [no relatório da Air Security](https://www.air.security/blog-posts/plugin4shell).

src/layouts/BaseLayout.astro

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { existsSync } from 'node:fs';
 import '../styles/global.css';
 import Header from '../components/Header.astro';
 import Footer from '../components/Footer.astro';
-import type { Lang } from '../lib/i18n';
+import { getLocalizedPath, type Lang } from '../lib/i18n';
 
 interface Props {
   title: string;
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ const canonicalURL = new URL(Astro.url.pathname, Astro.site);
     <link rel="alternate icon" href="/favicon.ico" />
     <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/apple-touch-icon.png" />
     <link rel="canonical" href={canonicalURL} />
-    <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href={new URL(Astro.url.pathname.replace(/^\/pt/, '') || '/', Astro.site)} />
+    <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href={new URL(getLocalizedPath(Astro.url.pathname, 'en'), Astro.site)} />
-    <link rel="alternate" hreflang="pt-BR" href={new URL(`/pt${Astro.url.pathname.replace(/^\/pt/, '')}`, Astro.site)} />
+    <link rel="alternate" hreflang="pt-BR" href={new URL(getLocalizedPath(Astro.url.pathname, 'pt'), Astro.site)} />
     <meta name="generator" content={Astro.generator} />
     <link rel="sitemap" href="/sitemap-index.xml" />
 

src/lib/i18n.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+// Every localized string on the site lives here. Keep this file free of
+// runtime imports: scripts/generate-social-cards.ts loads it directly with Node.
+
 export const LANGS = ['en', 'pt'] as const;
 export type Lang = (typeof LANGS)[number];
 export const DEFAULT_LANG: Lang = 'en';
@@ -22,11 +25,14 @@ export const ui = {
       "Notes on computer science, systems, and the open source projects that shaped how I think about software. I'm Gabriel Franco — welcome.",
     'hero.cta.posts': 'Read the posts',
     'hero.cta.about': 'About me',
+    'home.description':
+      'Notes on computer science, systems, and the open source projects that shaped how I think about software.',
     'home.recent': 'Recent posts',
     'home.recent.subtitle': 'The latest things I’ve written down.',
     'home.viewAll': 'View all posts',
     'posts.title': 'All posts',
     'posts.subtitle': 'Everything I’ve written, oldest to newest below, newest on top.',
+    'posts.description': 'Everything I’ve written about computer science, systems, and open source, newest first.',
     'posts.empty': 'No posts yet. Check back soon.',
     'posts.filteredBy': 'Posts tagged',
     'posts.clearFilter': 'Clear filter',
@@ -35,10 +41,22 @@ export const ui = {
     'post.readingTime': 'min read',
     'post.updated': 'Updated',
     'tag.label': 'Tag',
+    'tag.description': 'Everything I’ve written tagged #{tag}.',
     'about.title': 'About',
+    'about.description':
+      'Gabriel Franco: computer science student at PUCRS, interested in how software actually works and in the history of open source.',
+    // Paragraphs are separated by a blank line.
+    'about.body': [
+      "Hi, I'm Gabe — Gabriel Franco. I'm a computer science student at PUCRS (Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul), and this blog is where I write down the things I'm learning and thinking about along the way.",
+      "I care a lot about computer science as a field, not just as a set of tools to ship products with. I have a fairly specific way of doing things: I'd rather understand a system properly than memorize the steps to make it work, and I tend to slow down on purpose to figure out what's actually happening under the hood — in a compiler, an operating system, a language runtime, whatever it is. That habit shapes most of what ends up on this blog.",
+      "I'm also genuinely interested in the history of the open source movement: the people, the arguments, and the decisions that shaped the software we all rely on. Figures like Linus Torvalds and projects like GNU come up often in what I read and write about, not as trivia, but because understanding where a tool came from usually explains a lot about how and why it works the way it does today.",
+      'This site is bilingual, in English and in Portuguese, and every post exists in both languages. Thanks for stopping by.',
+    ].join('\n\n'),
     'footer.tagline': 'Written by hand in Porto Alegre.',
     'footer.rights': 'All rights reserved.',
     'footer.source': 'Source',
+    'feed.title': 'gabeefran.co',
+    'feed.description': "Gabriel Franco's notes about computer science and other topics",
     '404.title': 'Page not found',
     '404.body': 'There’s nothing here. Let’s get you back home.',
     '404.cta': 'Back to home',
@@ -57,11 +75,15 @@ export const ui = {
       'Notas sobre ciência da computação, sistemas e os projetos open source que moldaram a forma como penso sobre software. Eu sou o Gabriel Franco — seja bem-vindo.',
     'hero.cta.posts': 'Ler os posts',
     'hero.cta.about': 'Sobre mim',
+    'home.description':
+      'Notas sobre ciência da computação, sistemas e os projetos open source que moldaram a forma como penso sobre software.',
     'home.recent': 'Posts recentes',
     'home.recent.subtitle': 'As últimas coisas que escrevi.',
     'home.viewAll': 'Ver todos os posts',
     'posts.title': 'Todos os posts',
     'posts.subtitle': 'Tudo que já escrevi, do mais recente para o mais antigo.',
+    'posts.description':
+      'Tudo que já escrevi sobre ciência da computação, sistemas e open source, do mais recente ao mais antigo.',
     'posts.empty': 'Ainda não há posts. Volte em breve.',
     'posts.filteredBy': 'Posts com a tag',
     'posts.clearFilter': 'Limpar filtro',
@@ -70,10 +92,21 @@ export const ui = {
     'post.readingTime': 'min de leitura',
     'post.updated': 'Atualizado em',
     'tag.label': 'Tag',
+    'tag.description': 'Tudo que já escrevi com a tag #{tag}.',
     'about.title': 'Sobre',
+    'about.description':
+      'Gabriel Franco: estudante de ciência da computação na PUCRS, interessado em como o software realmente funciona e na história do open source.',
+    'about.body': [
+      'Olá, eu sou o Gabe — Gabriel Franco. Sou estudante de ciência da computação na PUCRS (Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul), e este blog é onde registro as coisas que vou aprendendo e pensando pelo caminho.',
+      'Eu me importo bastante com ciência da computação como área, não só como um conjunto de ferramentas para lançar produtos. Tenho um jeito bem específico de fazer as coisas: prefiro entender um sistema de verdade a decorar os passos para fazê-lo funcionar, e costumo desacelerar de propósito para descobrir o que realmente está acontecendo por baixo dos panos — em um compilador, em um sistema operacional, no runtime de uma linguagem, seja lá o que for. Esse hábito molda a maior parte do que acaba virando post aqui.',
+      'Também tenho um interesse genuíno pela história do movimento open source: as pessoas, os debates e as decisões que moldaram o software do qual todos dependemos. Figuras como Linus Torvalds e projetos como o GNU aparecem com frequência no que leio e escrevo, não como curiosidade, mas porque entender de onde uma ferramenta veio costuma explicar bastante sobre como e por que ela funciona do jeito que funciona hoje.',
+      'Este site é bilíngue, em inglês e em português, e todo post existe nos dois idiomas. Obrigado pela visita.',
+    ].join('\n\n'),
     'footer.tagline': 'Escrito à mão em Porto Alegre.',
     'footer.rights': 'Todos os direitos reservados.',
     'footer.source': 'Código-fonte',
+    'feed.title': 'gabeefran.co',
+    'feed.description': 'Anotações do Gabriel Franco sobre ciência da computação e outros assuntos',
     '404.title': 'Página não encontrada',
     '404.body': 'Não há nada aqui. Vamos te levar de volta para o início.',
     '404.cta': 'Voltar para o início',
@@ -82,30 +115,51 @@ export const ui = {
 
 export type UiKey = keyof (typeof ui)['en'];
 
-export function getLangFromUrl(url: URL): Lang {
+export function isLang(value: string | undefined): value is Lang {
-  const [, first] = url.pathname.split('/');
+  return LANGS.some((lang) => lang === value);
-  return first === 'pt' ? 'pt' : DEFAULT_LANG;
 }
 
+/** getStaticPaths() result for pages that only vary by language. */
+export function langPaths() {
+  return LANGS.map((lang) => ({ params: { lang } }));
+}
+
+/** `{name}` placeholders in a string are replaced with `vars[name]`. */
 export function useTranslations(lang: Lang) {
-  return function t(key: UiKey): string {
+  return function t(key: UiKey, vars: Record<string, string> = {}): string {
-    return ui[lang][key] ?? ui[DEFAULT_LANG][key];
+    const template: string = ui[lang][key] ?? ui[DEFAULT_LANG][key];
+    return template.replace(/\{(\w+)\}/g, (placeholder, name: string) => vars[name] ?? placeholder);
   };
 }
 
-/** Prefix-strip the given pathname down to its language-agnostic form. */
+/** Pages with their own title/description (tag pages use tagPageMeta). */
-export function stripLangPrefix(pathname: string): string {
+export type PageKey = 'home' | 'posts' | 'about' | '404';
-  return pathname.replace(/^\/pt(?=\/|$)/, '') || '/';
+
+export interface PageMeta {
+  title: string;
+  description: string;
+}
+
+const PAGE_META_KEYS: Record<PageKey, { title: UiKey; description: UiKey }> = {
+  home: { title: 'hero.title', description: 'home.description' },
+  posts: { title: 'posts.title', description: 'posts.description' },
+  about: { title: 'about.title', description: 'about.description' },
+  '404': { title: '404.title', description: '404.body' },
+};
+
+export function pageMeta(lang: Lang, page: PageKey): PageMeta {
+  const t = useTranslations(lang);
+  const keys = PAGE_META_KEYS[page];
+  return { title: t(keys.title), description: t(keys.description) };
+}
+
+export function tagPageMeta(lang: Lang, tag: string): PageMeta {
+  return { title: `#${tag}`, description: useTranslations(lang)('tag.description', { tag }) };
 }
 
 /** Given any pathname, build the equivalent path in the target language. */
 export function getLocalizedPath(pathname: string, lang: Lang): string {
-  const stripped = stripLangPrefix(pathname);
+  const [, first] = pathname.split('/');
-  if (lang === DEFAULT_LANG) return stripped;
+  const stripped = (isLang(first) ? pathname.slice(first.length + 1) : pathname) || '/';
-  return stripped === '/' ? '/pt' : `/pt${stripped}`;
+  return stripped === '/' ? `/${lang}` : `/${lang}${stripped}`;
-}
-
-export function localizeHref(path: string, lang: Lang): string {
-  if (lang === DEFAULT_LANG) return path;
-  return path === '/' ? '/pt' : `/pt${path}`;
 }

src/lib/pages.ts

@@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
-// Title and description for every non-post page, shared by the pages
-// themselves and by scripts/generate-social-cards.ts (so keep this file free
-// of runtime imports: the script loads it directly with Node).
-import type { Lang } from './i18n';
-
-export type PageKey = 'home' | 'posts' | 'about' | '404';
-
-export interface PageMeta {
-  title: string;
-  description: string;
-}
-
-export const PAGES: Record<Lang, Record<PageKey, PageMeta>> = {
-  en: {
-    home: {
-      title: 'Building things, and figuring out how they work.',
-      description:
-        'Notes on computer science, systems, and the open source projects that shaped how I think about software.',
-    },
-    posts: {
-      title: 'All posts',
-      description: 'Everything I’ve written about computer science, systems, and open source, newest first.',
-    },
-    about: {
-      title: 'About',
-      description:
-        'Gabriel Franco: computer science student at PUCRS, interested in how software actually works and in the history of open source.',
-    },
-    '404': {
-      title: 'Page not found',
-      description: 'There’s nothing here. Let’s get you back home.',
-    },
-  },
-  pt: {
-    home: {
-      title: 'Construindo coisas e entendendo como elas funcionam.',
-      description:
-        'Notas sobre ciência da computação, sistemas e os projetos open source que moldaram a forma como penso sobre software.',
-    },
-    posts: {
-      title: 'Todos os posts',
-      description: 'Tudo que já escrevi sobre ciência da computação, sistemas e open source, do mais recente ao mais antigo.',
-    },
-    about: {
-      title: 'Sobre',
-      description:
-        'Gabriel Franco: estudante de ciência da computação na PUCRS, interessado em como o software realmente funciona e na história do open source.',
-    },
-    '404': {
-      title: 'Página não encontrada',
-      description: 'Não há nada aqui. Vamos te levar de volta para o início.',
-    },
-  },
-};
-
-export function tagPage(lang: Lang, tag: string): PageMeta {
-  return lang === 'pt'
-    ? { title: `#${tag}`, description: `Tudo que já escrevi com a tag #${tag}.` }
-    : { title: `#${tag}`, description: `Everything I’ve written tagged #${tag}.` };
-}
-
-/** Where the generated card for a page lives, relative to public/. */
-export function pageCardPath(lang: Lang, key: PageKey): string {
-  return `/social-cards/${lang}/pages/${key}.png`;
-}
-
-export function tagCardPath(lang: Lang, tag: string): string {
-  return `/social-cards/${lang}/tags/${tag}.png`;
-}

src/lib/posts.ts

@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@ export function langOf(entry: PostEntry): Lang {
 }
 
 export function slugOf(entry: PostEntry): string {
-  return entry.id.split('/').slice(1).join('/');
+  return entry.id.replace('pt-', '').replace('en-', '');
 }
 
 export async function getPostsByLang(lang: Lang): Promise<PostEntry[]> {
   const posts = await getCollection('posts', ({ id, data }) => {
-    return id.startsWith(`${lang}/`) && !data.draft;
+    return id.startsWith(`${lang}-`) && !data.draft;
   });
   return posts.sort((a, b) => b.data.pubDate.valueOf() - a.data.pubDate.valueOf());
 }

src/lib/social-cards.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Where generated OG cards live, relative to public/. Shared by the pages and
+// by scripts/generate-social-cards.ts (so keep this file free of runtime
+// imports: the script loads it directly with Node).
+import type { Lang, PageKey } from './i18n';
+
+export function postCardPath(lang: Lang, slug: string): string {
+  return `/social-cards/${lang}/${slug}.png`;
+}
+
+export function pageCardPath(lang: Lang, page: PageKey): string {
+  return `/social-cards/${lang}/pages/${page}.png`;
+}
+
+export function tagCardPath(lang: Lang, tag: string): string {
+  return `/social-cards/${lang}/tags/${tag}.png`;
+}

src/pages/404.astro

@@ -1,24 +1,24 @@
 ---
 import BaseLayout from '../layouts/BaseLayout.astro';
-import { getLocalizedPath, ui, type Lang } from '../lib/i18n';
+import { getLocalizedPath, LANGS, pageMeta, ui } from '../lib/i18n';
-import { PAGES, pageCardPath } from '../lib/pages';
+import { pageCardPath } from '../lib/social-cards';
 
 // This file is prerendered once as a static /404.html and served by the host
 // for any unmatched path, so we can't know at build time whether the visitor
 // was under /pt/*. Render both languages and pick one at runtime with a tiny
 // inline script based on the actual requested path.
-const langs: Lang[] = ['en', 'pt'];
+const page = pageMeta('en', '404');
 ---
 
 <BaseLayout
-  title={`${PAGES.en['404'].title} — gabeefranco`}
+  title={`${page.title} — ${ui.en['site.name']}`}
-  description={PAGES.en['404'].description}
+  description={page.description}
   lang="en"
   image={pageCardPath('en', '404')}
 >
   <section class="mx-10 flex flex-col items-start px-4 py-24 sm:px-6 font-mono">
     <p class="font-mono text-sm text-primary">404</p>
-    {langs.map((lang) => (
+    {LANGS.map((lang) => (
       <div data-notfound-lang={lang} class={lang === 'en' ? '' : 'hidden'}>
         <h1 class="mt-2 text-3xl font-bold tracking-tight text-text">{ui[lang]['404.title']}</h1>
         <p class="mt-3 text-text-muted">{ui[lang]['404.body']}</p>

src/pages/[lang]/about.astro

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+---
+import BaseLayout from '../../layouts/BaseLayout.astro';
+import { langPaths, pageMeta, useTranslations, type Lang } from '../../lib/i18n';
+import { pageCardPath } from '../../lib/social-cards';
+
+export const getStaticPaths = langPaths;
+
+const lang = Astro.params.lang as Lang;
+const t = useTranslations(lang);
+const page = pageMeta(lang, 'about');
+---
+
+<BaseLayout title={`${page.title} — ${t('site.name')}`} description={page.description} lang={lang} image={pageCardPath(lang, 'about')}>
+  <section class="mx-10 mt-10 font-mono">
+    <h1 class="text-3xl font-bold tracking-tight text-text sm:text-4xl">{page.title}</h1>
+
+    <div class="prose prose-neutral mt-6 max-w-none prose-headings:font-semibold prose-a:text-primary prose-a:no-underline hover:prose-a:underline dark:prose-invert">
+      {t('about.body').split('\n\n').map((paragraph) => <p>{paragraph}</p>)}
+    </div>
+  </section>
+</BaseLayout>

src/pages/[lang]/feed.xml.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import rss from '@astrojs/rss';
+import type { APIContext } from 'astro';
+import { getLocalizedPath, langPaths, useTranslations, type Lang } from '../../lib/i18n';
+import { getPostsByLang, slugOf } from '../../lib/posts';
+
+export const getStaticPaths = langPaths;
+
+export async function GET(context: APIContext) {
+  const lang = context.params.lang as Lang;
+  const t = useTranslations(lang);
+  const posts = await getPostsByLang(lang);
+  return rss({
+    title: t('feed.title'),
+    description: t('feed.description'),
+    site: new URL(getLocalizedPath('/', lang), context.site),
+    customData: `<language>${lang}</language>`,
+    items: posts.map((post) => ({
+      title: post.data.title,
+      pubDate: post.data.pubDate,
+      description: post.data.description,
+      link: `${getLocalizedPath(`/posts/${slugOf(post)}`, lang)}/`,
+    })),
+  });
+}

src/pages/[lang]/index.astro

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+---
+import BaseLayout from '../../layouts/BaseLayout.astro';
+import HomeContent from '../../components/HomeContent.astro';
+import { langPaths, pageMeta, useTranslations, type Lang } from '../../lib/i18n';
+import { pageCardPath } from '../../lib/social-cards';
+
+export const getStaticPaths = langPaths;
+
+const lang = Astro.params.lang as Lang;
+const t = useTranslations(lang);
+---
+
+<BaseLayout
+  title={`${t('site.name')} — ${t('hero.kicker')}`}
+  description={pageMeta(lang, 'home').description}
+  lang={lang}
+  image={pageCardPath(lang, 'home')}
+>
+  <HomeContent lang={lang} />
+</BaseLayout>

src/pages/[lang]/posts/[...slug].astro

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+---
+import { render } from 'astro:content';
+import BaseLayout from '../../../layouts/BaseLayout.astro';
+import PostLayout from '../../../layouts/PostLayout.astro';
+import ObservationCard from '../../../components/ObservationCard';
+import { LANGS, useTranslations, type Lang } from '../../../lib/i18n';
+import { getPostsByLang, slugOf, estimateReadingMinutes } from '../../../lib/posts';
+import { postCardPath } from '../../../lib/social-cards';
+
+export async function getStaticPaths() {
+  const pathsByLang = await Promise.all(
+    LANGS.map(async (lang) =>
+      (await getPostsByLang(lang)).map((post) => ({ params: { lang, slug: slugOf(post) }, props: { post } })),
+    ),
+  );
+  return pathsByLang.flat();
+}
+
+const lang = Astro.params.lang as Lang;
+const t = useTranslations(lang);
+const { post } = Astro.props;
+const { Content } = await render(post);
+const readingMinutes = estimateReadingMinutes(post.body ?? '');
+---
+
+<BaseLayout
+  title={`${post.data.title} — ${t('site.name')}`}
+  description={post.data.description}
+  lang={lang}
+  image={postCardPath(lang, slugOf(post))}
+>
+  <PostLayout post={post} lang={lang} readingMinutes={readingMinutes}>
+    <Content components={{ ObservationCard }} />
+  </PostLayout>
+</BaseLayout>

src/pages/[lang]/posts/index.astro

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+---
+import BaseLayout from '../../../layouts/BaseLayout.astro';
+import PostsContent from '../../../components/PostsContent.astro';
+import { langPaths, pageMeta, useTranslations, type Lang } from '../../../lib/i18n';
+import { pageCardPath } from '../../../lib/social-cards';
+
+export const getStaticPaths = langPaths;
+
+const lang = Astro.params.lang as Lang;
+const t = useTranslations(lang);
+const page = pageMeta(lang, 'posts');
+---
+
+<BaseLayout title={`${page.title} — ${t('site.name')}`} description={page.description} lang={lang} image={pageCardPath(lang, 'posts')}>
+  <PostsContent lang={lang} />
+</BaseLayout>

src/pages/[lang]/tags/[tag]/index.astro

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+---
+import BaseLayout from '../../../../layouts/BaseLayout.astro';
+import PostsContent from '../../../../components/PostsContent.astro';
+import { LANGS, tagPageMeta, useTranslations, type Lang } from '../../../../lib/i18n';
+import { getAllTags } from '../../../../lib/posts';
+import { tagCardPath } from '../../../../lib/social-cards';
+
+export async function getStaticPaths() {
+  const pathsByLang = await Promise.all(
+    LANGS.map(async (lang) => (await getAllTags(lang)).map((tag) => ({ params: { lang, tag } }))),
+  );
+  return pathsByLang.flat();
+}
+
+const lang = Astro.params.lang as Lang;
+const tag = Astro.params.tag!;
+const t = useTranslations(lang);
+const page = tagPageMeta(lang, tag);
+---
+
+<BaseLayout title={`${page.title} — ${t('site.name')}`} description={page.description} lang={lang} image={tagCardPath(lang, tag)}>
+  <PostsContent lang={lang} tag={tag} />
+</BaseLayout>

src/pages/about.astro

@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
----
-import BaseLayout from '../layouts/BaseLayout.astro';
-import { useTranslations } from '../lib/i18n';
-import { PAGES, pageCardPath } from '../lib/pages';
-
-const t = useTranslations('en');
-const page = PAGES.en.about;
----
-
-<BaseLayout title={`${page.title} — ${t('site.name')}`} description={page.description} lang="en" image={pageCardPath('en', 'about')}>
-  <section class="mx-10 mt-10 font-mono">
-    <h1 class="text-3xl font-bold tracking-tight text-text sm:text-4xl">{t('about.title')}</h1>
-
-    <div class="prose prose-neutral mt-6 max-w-none prose-headings:font-semibold prose-a:text-primary prose-a:no-underline hover:prose-a:underline dark:prose-invert">
-      <p>
-        Hi, I'm Gabe — Gabriel Franco. I'm a computer science student at PUCRS (Pontifícia
-        Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul), and this blog is where I write down the
-        things I'm learning and thinking about along the way.
-      </p>
-      <p>
-        I care a lot about computer science as a field, not just as a set of tools to ship
-        products with. I have a fairly specific way of doing things: I'd rather understand a
-        system properly than memorize the steps to make it work, and I tend to slow down on
-        purpose to figure out what's actually happening under the hood — in a compiler, an
-        operating system, a language runtime, whatever it is. That habit shapes most of what ends
-        up on this blog.
-      </p>
-      <p>
-        I'm also genuinely interested in the history of the open source movement: the people,
-        the arguments, and the decisions that shaped the software we all rely on. Figures like
-        Linus Torvalds and projects like GNU come up often in what I read and write about, not
-        as trivia, but because understanding where a tool came from usually explains a lot about
-        how and why it works the way it does today.
-      </p>
-      <p>
-        This site is bilingual, in English and in Portuguese, and every post exists in both
-        languages. Thanks for stopping by.
-      </p>
-    </div>
-  </section>
-</BaseLayout>

src/pages/feed.xml.ts

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-import rss from '@astrojs/rss';
-import { getCollection } from 'astro:content';
-
-export async function GET(context) {
-  const blog = await getCollection('posts');
-  return rss({
-    title: 'gabeefran.co',
-    description: 'Gabriel Franco\'s notes about computer science and other topics',
-    site: context.site,
-    items: blog.map((post) => ({
-      title: post.data.title,
-      pubDate: post.data.pubDate,
-      description: post.data.description,
-      // Compute RSS link from post `slug`
-      // This example assumes all posts are rendered as `/blog/[slug]` routes
-      link: `/posts/${post.data.slug}/`,
-    })),
-  });
-}

src/pages/index.astro

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
----
-import BaseLayout from '../layouts/BaseLayout.astro';
-import HomeContent from '../components/HomeContent.astro';
-import { useTranslations } from '../lib/i18n';
-import { PAGES, pageCardPath } from '../lib/pages';
-
-const t = useTranslations('en');
-const page = PAGES.en.home;
----
-
-<BaseLayout
-  title={`${t('site.name')} — ${t('hero.kicker')}`}
-  description={page.description}
-  lang="en"
-  image={pageCardPath('en', 'home')}
->
-  <HomeContent lang="en" />
-</BaseLayout>

src/pages/posts/[...slug].astro

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
----
-import { render } from 'astro:content';
-import BaseLayout from '../../layouts/BaseLayout.astro';
-import PostLayout from '../../layouts/PostLayout.astro';
-import ObservationCard from '../../components/ObservationCard';
-import { getPostsByLang, slugOf, estimateReadingMinutes } from '../../lib/posts';
-
-export async function getStaticPaths() {
-  const posts = await getPostsByLang('en');
-  return posts.map((post) => ({ params: { slug: slugOf(post) }, props: { post } }));
-}
-
-const { post } = Astro.props;
-const { Content } = await render(post);
-const readingMinutes = estimateReadingMinutes(post.body ?? '');
----
-
-<BaseLayout title={`${post.data.title} — gabeefranco`} description={post.data.description} lang="en" image={`/social-cards/${post.id}.png`}>
-  <PostLayout post={post} lang="en" readingMinutes={readingMinutes}>
-    <Content components={{ ObservationCard }} />
-  </PostLayout>
-</BaseLayout>

src/pages/posts/index.astro

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
----
-import BaseLayout from '../../layouts/BaseLayout.astro';
-import PostsContent from '../../components/PostsContent.astro';
-import { useTranslations } from '../../lib/i18n';
-import { PAGES, pageCardPath } from '../../lib/pages';
-
-const t = useTranslations('en');
-const page = PAGES.en.posts;
----
-
-<BaseLayout title={`${page.title} — ${t('site.name')}`} description={page.description} lang="en" image={pageCardPath('en', 'posts')}>
-  <PostsContent lang="en" />
-</BaseLayout>

src/pages/pt/about.astro

@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
----
-import BaseLayout from '../../layouts/BaseLayout.astro';
-import { useTranslations } from '../../lib/i18n';
-import { PAGES, pageCardPath } from '../../lib/pages';
-
-const t = useTranslations('pt');
-const page = PAGES.pt.about;
----
-
-<BaseLayout title={`${page.title} — ${t('site.name')}`} description={page.description} lang="pt" image={pageCardPath('pt', 'about')}>
-  <section class="mx-10 mt-10 font-mono">
-    <h1 class="text-3xl font-bold tracking-tight text-text sm:text-4xl">{t('about.title')}</h1>
-
-    <div class="prose prose-neutral mt-6 max-w-none prose-headings:font-semibold prose-a:text-primary prose-a:no-underline hover:prose-a:underline dark:prose-invert">
-      <p>
-        Olá, eu sou o Gabe — Gabriel Franco. Sou estudante de ciência da computação na PUCRS
-        (Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul), e este blog é onde registro as
-        coisas que vou aprendendo e pensando pelo caminho.
-      </p>
-      <p>
-        Eu me importo bastante com ciência da computação como área, não só como um conjunto de
-        ferramentas para lançar produtos. Tenho um jeito bem específico de fazer as coisas:
-        prefiro entender um sistema de verdade a decorar os passos para fazê-lo funcionar, e
-        costumo desacelerar de propósito para descobrir o que realmente está acontecendo por
-        baixo dos panos — em um compilador, em um sistema operacional, no runtime de uma
-        linguagem, seja lá o que for. Esse hábito molda a maior parte do que acaba virando post
-        aqui.
-      </p>
-      <p>
-        Também tenho um interesse genuíno pela história do movimento open source: as pessoas, os
-        debates e as decisões que moldaram o software do qual todos dependemos. Figuras como
-        Linus Torvalds e projetos como o GNU aparecem com frequência no que leio e escrevo, não
-        como curiosidade, mas porque entender de onde uma ferramenta veio costuma explicar
-        bastante sobre como e por que ela funciona do jeito que funciona hoje.
-      </p>
-      <p>
-        Este site é bilíngue, em inglês e em português, e todo post existe nos dois idiomas.
-        Obrigado pela visita.
-      </p>
-    </div>
-  </section>
-</BaseLayout>

src/pages/pt/index.astro

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
----
-import BaseLayout from '../../layouts/BaseLayout.astro';
-import HomeContent from '../../components/HomeContent.astro';
-import { useTranslations } from '../../lib/i18n';
-import { PAGES, pageCardPath } from '../../lib/pages';
-
-const t = useTranslations('pt');
-const page = PAGES.pt.home;
----
-
-<BaseLayout
-  title={`${t('site.name')} — ${t('hero.kicker')}`}
-  description={page.description}
-  lang="pt"
-  image={pageCardPath('pt', 'home')}
->
-  <HomeContent lang="pt" />
-</BaseLayout>

src/pages/pt/posts/[...slug].astro

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
----
-import { render } from 'astro:content';
-import BaseLayout from '../../../layouts/BaseLayout.astro';
-import PostLayout from '../../../layouts/PostLayout.astro';
-import ObservationCard from '../../../components/ObservationCard';
-import { getPostsByLang, slugOf, estimateReadingMinutes } from '../../../lib/posts';
-
-export async function getStaticPaths() {
-  const posts = await getPostsByLang('pt');
-  return posts.map((post) => ({ params: { slug: slugOf(post) }, props: { post } }));
-}
-
-const { post } = Astro.props;
-const { Content } = await render(post);
-const readingMinutes = estimateReadingMinutes(post.body ?? '');
----
-
-<BaseLayout title={`${post.data.title} — gabeefranco`} description={post.data.description} lang="pt" image={`/social-cards/${post.id}.png`}>
-  <PostLayout post={post} lang="pt" readingMinutes={readingMinutes}>
-    <Content components={{ ObservationCard }} />
-  </PostLayout>
-</BaseLayout>

src/pages/pt/posts/index.astro

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
----
-import BaseLayout from '../../../layouts/BaseLayout.astro';
-import PostsContent from '../../../components/PostsContent.astro';
-import { useTranslations } from '../../../lib/i18n';
-import { PAGES, pageCardPath } from '../../../lib/pages';
-
-const t = useTranslations('pt');
-const page = PAGES.pt.posts;
----
-
-<BaseLayout title={`${page.title} — ${t('site.name')}`} description={page.description} lang="pt" image={pageCardPath('pt', 'posts')}>
-  <PostsContent lang="pt" />
-</BaseLayout>

src/pages/pt/tags/[tag]/index.astro

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
----
-import BaseLayout from '../../../../layouts/BaseLayout.astro';
-import PostsContent from '../../../../components/PostsContent.astro';
-import { getAllTags } from '../../../../lib/posts';
-import { useTranslations } from '../../../../lib/i18n';
-import { tagPage, tagCardPath } from '../../../../lib/pages';
-
-export async function getStaticPaths() {
-  const tags = await getAllTags('pt');
-  return tags.map((tag) => ({ params: { tag } }));
-}
-
-const { tag } = Astro.params;
-const t = useTranslations('pt');
-const page = tagPage('pt', tag!);
----
-
-<BaseLayout title={`${page.title} — ${t('site.name')}`} description={page.description} lang="pt" image={tagCardPath('pt', tag!)}>
-  <PostsContent lang="pt" tag={tag} />
-</BaseLayout>

src/pages/tags/[tag]/index.astro

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
----
-import BaseLayout from '../../../layouts/BaseLayout.astro';
-import PostsContent from '../../../components/PostsContent.astro';
-import { getAllTags } from '../../../lib/posts';
-import { useTranslations } from '../../../lib/i18n';
-import { tagPage, tagCardPath } from '../../../lib/pages';
-
-export async function getStaticPaths() {
-  const tags = await getAllTags('en');
-  return tags.map((tag) => ({ params: { tag } }));
-}
-
-const { tag } = Astro.params;
-const t = useTranslations('en');
-const page = tagPage('en', tag!);
----
-
-<BaseLayout title={`${page.title} — ${t('site.name')}`} description={page.description} lang="en" image={tagCardPath('en', tag!)}>
-  <PostsContent lang="en" tag={tag} />
-</BaseLayout>